Governo quer regulamentar e tributar competições de xadrez, sinuca, poker e eSports
O Ministério da Economia do Governo Federal articula a regulamentação dos campeonatos de algumas modalidades como xadrez, sinuca, poker e eSports. O objetivo do Estado é claro: arrecadar impostos. Contudo, essa articulação também visa atender a demanda de empresários, que buscam mais segurança jurídica para investir nessas áreas.
De acordo com informações do site IGaming Brazil, apenas com o poker o Governo Federal pretende arrecadar cerca de R$ 2,2 bilhões em receitas públicas anualmente. Essa arrecadação viria por meio da tributação do imposto de renda, que recolheria algo em torno de 20% em cima das premiações e também das movimentações do segmento (eventos e venda de ingressos).
Modelo base
O principal modelo tido como base para as pretensões do Ministério da Economia é o modelo do Reino Unido, que possui faturamento de US$ 432 milhões (R$ 3,1 bilhões) somente com as atividades do poker online. Em entrevista ao portal Yahoo, o secretário de Avaliação, Planejamento, Energia e Loteria do Ministério da Economia, Gustavo Guimarães, explicou as ideias do Governo.
“Eu quero que essa atividade entre na contabilidade pública, entre no PIB e venha trazer arrecadação, mas não porque estou criando tributo novo. Estamos pensando em gerar essa receita para outras áreas e, ao mesmo tempo, estimular uma atividade”, declarou Gustavo Guimarães.
Jogos de habilidade ou azar?
Uma das grandes entusiastas das pretensões governamentais em relação à regulamentação dos campeonatos de xadrez, poker e damas, por exemplo, é a Associação Brasileira de Jogos de Habilidades (ABJH), que declarou por meio do seu vice-presidente Igor Trafane que apoia a regulamentação visando que essas atividades sejam, de fato, separadas daquelas que são consideradas como jogos de azar.
Para a ABJH, atividades como xadrez, sinuca, poker e eSports podem ser reconhecidos como “jogos de habilidade mental”. Além dessa causa conceitual envolvida nesse processo, existe a expectativa de que a separação dessas atividades daquilo que é considerado como “jogo de azar” possa fazer com que muitos empresários enxerguem essas atividades com mais atenção e segurança jurídica.
O que seria um jogo de habilidade mental?
Em concordância com os apelos das categorias, o Governo Federal tem trabalhado para atender as solicitações e realmente executar a separação das atividades de poker, sinuca, bocha, boliche, bilhar, gamão, dominó e eSports dos jogos de azar. Inclusive, a proposta de regulamentação dessas atividades define jogos de habilidade como “aquele que depende majoritariamente da competência, inteligência ou conhecimento dos participantes e não de sorte, como loterias e bingos”.
Nem todos estão satisfeitos
Apesar do apoio da ABJH e de alguns outros setores, nem todos estão satisfeitos com as propostas de regulamentação dessas atividades no Brasil. O setor dos eSports, por exemplo, tem promovido grande resistência às ideias do Governo Federal. A principal reclamação é a de que não houve, de fato, uma consulta à comunidade sobre qual seria a melhor maneira de fazer com que esse tipo de esporte pudesse se regulamentar.
Sinceramente, como um apostador esportivo, eu entendo a resistência da comunidade dos eSports. No começo dos processos de regulamentação das apostas esportivas, o Governo Federal também não ouviu a comunidade e caminhava para uma resolução cheia de falhas e que comprometeria a atividade no país.
Com isso, depois de muita contestação e resistência, os políticos responsáveis pelo andamento dos processos de regulamentação das apostas finalmente abriram os olhos e os ouvidos para a comunidade apostadora, que conseguiu se expressar e melhorar a proposta de regulamentação que, mesmo ainda não estando em vigor, hoje certamente é muito melhor quando comparada à primeira.
Acredito que os jogadores, as empresas e a comunidade em geral dos eSports precisam realmente se incomodar e fazer barulho caso não concordem com os modelos propostos pelo Governo. Penso que o objetivo de nenhum dos setores em discussão é permanecer em uma zona cinzenta ou desregulamentada, pelo contrário, a regulamentação é muito necessária para todas as atividades. Contudo, é muito importante ouvir quem está inserido nesses contextos e promover essas mudanças de maneira responsável de modo a evitar uma reação em cadeia que pode minar toda uma indústria.
Sérgio Ricardo Jr.
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